/*
 * Copyright (c)2013-2020 ZeroTier, Inc.
 *
 * Use of this software is governed by the Business Source License included
 * in the LICENSE.TXT file in the project's root directory.
 *
 * Change Date: 2024-01-01
 *
 * On the date above, in accordance with the Business Source License, use
 * of this software will be governed by version 2.0 of the Apache License.
 */
/****/

#ifndef ZT_FCV_HPP
#define ZT_FCV_HPP

#include "Constants.hpp"

#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>
#include <memory>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>

namespace ZeroTier {

/**
 * FCV is a Fixed Capacity Vector
 *
 * Attempts to resize, push, or access this vector beyond its capacity will
 * silently fail. The [] operator is NOT bounds checked!
 *
 * This doesn't implement everything in std::vector, just what we need. It
 * also adds a few special things for use in ZT core code.
 *
 * Note that an FCV will be TriviallyCopyable IF and only if its contained
 * type is TriviallyCopyable. There's a const static checker for this.
 *
 * @tparam T Type to contain
 * @tparam C Maximum capacity of vector
 */
template<typename T,unsigned int C>
class FCV
{
public:
	typedef T * iterator;
	typedef const T * const_iterator;

	/**
	 * @return True if this FCV is trivially copyable, which means its type is also.
	 */
	static constexpr bool isTriviallyCopyable() noexcept { return isTriviallyCopyable(reinterpret_cast<const T *>(0)); }

	ZT_INLINE FCV() noexcept : _s(0) {}
	ZT_INLINE FCV(const FCV &v) : _s(0) { *this = v; }

	ZT_INLINE ~FCV() { this->clear(); }

	ZT_INLINE FCV &operator=(const FCV &v)
	{
		if (&v != this) {
			this->clear();
			const unsigned int s = v._s;
			_s = s;
			for (unsigned int i=0;i<s;++i)
				new(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + i) T(*(reinterpret_cast<const T *>(v._m) + i));
		}
		return *this;
	}

	/**
	 * Clear this vector, destroying all content objects
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void clear()
	{
		const unsigned int s = _s;
		_s = 0;
		for(unsigned int i=0;i<s;++i)
			(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + i)->~T();
	}

	/**
	 * Clear without calling destructors (same as unsafeResize(0))
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void unsafeClear() noexcept { _s = 0; }

	/**
	 * This does a straight copy of one vector's data to another
	 *
	 * @tparam C2 Inferred capacity of other vector
	 * @param v Other vector to copy to this one
	 */
	template<unsigned int C2>
	ZT_INLINE void unsafeAssign(const FCV<T,C2> &v) noexcept
	{
		_s = ((C2 > C)&&(v._s > C)) ? C : v._s;
		Utils::copy(_m,v._m,_s * sizeof(T));
	}

	/**
	 * Move contents from this vector to another and clear this vector
	 *
	 * @param v Target vector
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void unsafeMoveTo(FCV &v) noexcept
	{
		Utils::copy(v._m,_m,(v._s = _s) * sizeof(T));
		_s = 0;
	}

	ZT_INLINE iterator begin() noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m); }
	ZT_INLINE const_iterator begin() const noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(_m); }
	ZT_INLINE iterator end() noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + _s; }
	ZT_INLINE const_iterator end() const noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<const T *>(_m) + _s; }

	ZT_INLINE T &operator[](const unsigned int i) noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m)[i]; }
	ZT_INLINE const T &operator[](const unsigned int i) const noexcept { return reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m)[i]; }

	ZT_INLINE unsigned int size() const noexcept { return _s; }
	ZT_INLINE bool empty() const noexcept { return (_s == 0); }
	static constexpr unsigned int capacity() noexcept { return C; }

	/**
	 * Push a value onto the back of this vector
	 *
	 * If the vector is at capacity this silently fails.
	 *
	 * @param v Value to push
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void push_back(const T &v)
	{
		if (_s < C)
			new (reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + _s++) T(v);
	}

	/**
	 * Push a new value onto the vector and return it, or return last item if capacity is reached
	 *
	 * @return Reference to new item
	 */
	ZT_INLINE T &push()
	{
		if (_s < C) {
			return *(new(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + _s++) T());
		} else {
			return *(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + (C - 1));
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Push a new value onto the vector and return it, or return last item if capacity is reached
	 *
	 * @return Reference to new item
	 */
	ZT_INLINE T &push(const T &v)
	{
		if (_s < C) {
			return *(new(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + _s++) T(v));
		} else {
			T &tmp = *(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + (C - 1));
			tmp = v;
			return tmp;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Remove the last element if this vector is not empty
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void pop_back()
	{
		if (_s != 0)
			(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + --_s)->~T();
	}

	/**
	 * Resize vector
	 *
	 * @param ns New size (clipped to C if larger than capacity)
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void resize(unsigned int ns)
	{
		if (ns > C)
			ns = C;
		unsigned int s = _s;
		while (s < ns)
			new(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + s++) T();
		while (s > ns)
			(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + --s)->~T();
		_s = s;
	}

	/**
	 * Resize without calling any constructors or destructors on T
	 *
	 * This must only be called if T is a primitive type or is TriviallyCopyable and
	 * safe to initialize from undefined contents.
	 *
	 * @param ns New size (clipped to C if larger than capacity)
	 */
	ZT_INLINE void unsafeResize(const unsigned int ns) noexcept { _s = (ns > C) ? C : ns; }

	/**
	 * This is a bounds checked auto-resizing variant of the [] operator
	 *
	 * If 'i' is out of bounds vs the current size of the vector, the vector is
	 * resized. If that size would exceed C (capacity), 'i' is clipped to C-1.
	 *
	 * @param i Index to obtain as a reference, resizing if needed
	 * @return Reference to value at this index
	 */
	ZT_INLINE T &at(unsigned int i)
	{
		if (i >= _s) {
			if (unlikely(i >= C))
				i = C - 1;
			do {
				new(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + _s++) T();
			} while (i >= _s);
		}
		return *(reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m) + i);
	}

	/**
	 * Assign this vector's contents from a range of pointers or iterators
	 *
	 * If the range is larger than C it is truncated at C.
	 *
	 * @tparam X Inferred type of interators or pointers
	 * @param start Starting iterator
	 * @param end Ending iterator (must be greater than start)
	 */
	template<typename X>
	ZT_INLINE void assign(X start,const X &end)
	{
		const int l = std::min((int)std::distance(start,end),(int)C);
		if (l > 0) {
			this->resize((unsigned int)l);
			for(int i=0;i<l;++i)
				reinterpret_cast<T *>(_m)[i] = *(start++);
		} else {
			this->clear();
		}
	}

	ZT_INLINE bool operator==(const FCV &v) const noexcept
	{
		if (_s == v._s) {
			for(unsigned int i=0;i<_s;++i) {
				if (!(*(reinterpret_cast<const T *>(_m) + i) == *(reinterpret_cast<const T *>(v._m) + i)))
					return false;
			}
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
	ZT_INLINE bool operator!=(const FCV &v) const noexcept { return (!(*this == v)); }
	ZT_INLINE bool operator<(const FCV &v) const noexcept { return std::lexicographical_compare(begin(),end(),v.begin(),v.end()); }
	ZT_INLINE bool operator>(const FCV &v) const noexcept { return (v < *this); }
	ZT_INLINE bool operator<=(const FCV &v) const noexcept { return !(v < *this); }
	ZT_INLINE bool operator>=(const FCV &v) const noexcept { return !(*this < v); }

private:
	unsigned int _s;
	uint8_t _m[sizeof(T) * C];
};

} // namespace ZeroTier

#endif